{"id":10368,"date":"2022-12-10T16:35:48","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T16:35:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/?p=10368"},"modified":"2022-12-11T08:51:23","modified_gmt":"2022-12-11T08:51:23","slug":"hiv-aids-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/cs\/zdravotni-aktivity-cs\/hiv-aids-2\/","title":{"rendered":"HIV\/AIDS"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bez l\u00e9\u010dby um\u00edr\u00e1 polovina naka\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sv\u00fdmi druh\u00fdmi narozeninami.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Na konci roku 2017 \u017eilo p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 36,9 milionu lid\u00ed s virem naru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm lidskou imunitu (HIV), v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich v subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe. I kdy\u017e dosud nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd l\u00e9k pro l\u00e9\u010dbu HIV\/AIDS, jejich kombinace, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako antiretrovir\u00e1ln\u00ed terapie (ARV), umo\u017e\u0148uje pacient\u016fm \u017e\u00edt del\u0161\u00ed a zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Virus HIV se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed krv\u00ed a t\u011blesn\u00fdmi tekutinami a postupn\u011b oslabuje imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u2013 obvykle b\u011bhem t\u0159\u00ed a\u017e desetilet\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed, co\u017e vede k syndromu z\u00edskan\u00e9ho selh\u00e1n\u00edm imunity \u2013 AIDS. S t\u00edm, jak se imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m oslabuje, se m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch infekc\u00ed. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich je tuberkul\u00f3za, kter\u00e1 vede \u010dasto k \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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N\u00e1klady na l\u00e9ky jsou nyn\u00ed levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdykoliv p\u0159edt\u00edm. Je ale st\u00e1le t\u0159eba vynalo\u017eit \u00fasil\u00ed na kvalitn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu, kter\u00e1 naka\u017een\u00fdm umo\u017en\u00ed \u017e\u00edt del\u0161\u00ed a zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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MAGNA ji\u017e od roku 2002 poskytuje p\u00e9\u010di pacient\u016fm \u017eij\u00edc\u00edm s virem HIV\/AIDS. Byli jsme jedni z prvn\u00edch, kdo za\u010dal pod\u00e1vat d\u011btsk\u00fdm pacient\u016fm v Kambod\u017ei \u017eivot zachra\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed ARV l\u00e9\u010dbu. N\u00e1sledn\u011b jsme na\u0161e HIV\/AIDS programy roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili do Vietnamu, Keni, na Haiti a do Nikaraguy.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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KAMBOD\u017dA. Copyright Martin Band\u017e\u00e1k\/MAGNA<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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V\u00edce ne\u017e 90 % d\u011bt\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch s virem HIV se nakazilo od sv\u00e9 matky.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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P\u0159\u00edtomnost viru HIV m\u016f\u017ee potvrdit jednoduch\u00fd krevn\u00ed test, p\u0159esto \u017eije mnoho lid\u00ed roky bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a v\u016fbec nev\u00ed o tom, \u017ee byli infikov\u00e1ni. Na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b je v sou\u010dasnosti asi 30 % lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou naka\u017eeni virem HIV, ale nejsou si toho v\u011bdomi. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je pacientovi diagnostikov\u00e1na tato nemoc, je pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed funguj\u00edc\u00ed a efektivn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby nezbytn\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed virov\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hladiny viru HIV v krvi. Zat\u00edmco testy virov\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee jsou v bohat\u00fdch zem\u00edch rutinou, v rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstup k nim st\u00e1le zaost\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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L\u00e9\u010dba<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Kombinace l\u00e9k\u016f zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako antiretrovir\u00e1ln\u00ed (ARV) pom\u00e1h\u00e1 s virem bojovat, redukovat \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed infekce a umo\u017e\u0148uje pacient\u016fm \u017e\u00edt del\u0161\u00ed a zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot bez rychl\u00e9ho zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. D\u011bti \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed s AIDS jsou jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch trag\u00e9di\u00ed a v\u00fdzev v boji o kontrolu nad touto nemoc\u00ed. WHO odhadovala, \u017ee v roce 2006 \u017eilo 2,5 milionu d\u011bt\u00ed do 15 let s HIV\/AIDS, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd den bylo infikov\u00e1no dal\u0161\u00edch 1200 d\u011bt\u00ed. Bez l\u00e9\u010dby um\u00edr\u00e1 polovina t\u011bchto d\u011bt\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sv\u00fdmi druh\u00fdmi narozeninami.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Prevence p\u0159enosu z matky na d\u00edt\u011b (PMTCT)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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V\u00edce ne\u017e 90 % d\u011bt\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch s virem HIV se nakazilo od sv\u00e9 matky b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, porodu nebo kojen\u00ed. Prevence p\u0159enosu viru z matky na d\u00edt\u011b (PMTCT) m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit pravd\u011bpodobnost p\u0159enosu na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e dv\u011b procenta. MAGNA PMTCT integruje do p\u00e9\u010de o matku a d\u00edt\u011b, co\u017e zahrnuje testov\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed antiretrovir\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f (ARV) HIV pozitivn\u00edm t\u011bhotn\u00fdm \u017een\u00e1m, d\u00e1le poradenstv\u00ed o kojen\u00ed a preventivn\u00ed pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ARV novorozenc\u016fm.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Psychosoci\u00e1ln\u00ed podpora<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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P\u00e9\u010de o du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed je integr\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed program\u016f MAGNA zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na l\u00e9\u010dbu HIV\/AIDS. V\u0161ichni pacienti, kte\u0159\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed ARV l\u00e9\u010dbu na klinik\u00e1ch a v nemocnic\u00edch MAGNA maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k psychosoci\u00e1ln\u00ed podpo\u0159e.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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L\u00e9\u010d\u00edme d\u00edky V\u00e1m<\/h3>\n
Va\u0161e podpora hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli v na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci na z\u00e1chranu \u017eivot\u016f.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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V\u00edce o HIV\/AIDS v na\u0161ich projektech<\/h2>\n
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\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o na\u0161ich zdravotn\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n V\u0161echny zdravotn\u00ed aktivity<\/a>\n <\/div>\n
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