{"id":10387,"date":"2022-12-10T16:49:01","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T16:49:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/?p=10387"},"modified":"2022-12-11T08:13:09","modified_gmt":"2022-12-11T08:13:09","slug":"cholera-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/cs\/zdravotni-aktivity-cs\/cholera-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Cholera"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bez l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 pomoci p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed smrt do n\u011bkolika hodin od vypuknut\u00ed symptom\u016f.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Cholera se b\u011bhem kultiva\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, kter\u00e9 trv\u00e1 3-5 dn\u00ed, neprojevuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky. B\u011bhem z\u00e1chvatu cholery m\u016f\u017ee pacient bez l\u00e9\u010dby p\u0159ij\u00edt o v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 litr\u016f tekutin. Nel\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 osoba zem\u0159e na dehydrataci. Smrt p\u0159i ztr\u00e1t\u011b tekutin o 10% – 15% celkov\u00e9 hmotnosti obvykle nast\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika hodin.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Cholera nej\u010dast\u011bji ohro\u017euje negramotn\u00e9 a chud\u00e9 lidi \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v okol\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch vod, kte\u0159\u00ed vodu p\u0159ed konzumac\u00ed nep\u0159eva\u0159uj\u00ed. Bez l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 pomoci p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed smrt do n\u011bkolika hodin od vypuknut\u00ed symptom\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Kde jsou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rizika v\u00fdskytu<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Ohni\u0161t\u011b se mohou rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159it zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00fdch spole\u010denstv\u00edch a v \u017eivotn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kde je nedostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k \u010dist\u00e9 vod\u011b, sb\u011bru odpadu a vlastn\u00edm toalet\u00e1m. Z d\u016fvodu vys\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva, zni\u010den\u00ed infrastruktury nebo nedostate\u010dn\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, je cholera v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm rizikem po p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed katastrof\u011b nebo v dob\u011b konfliktu. Situace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 problematick\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed de\u0161\u0165\u016f, kter\u00e9 strh\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejen domy, ale i toalety, a kontaminovan\u00e1 voda se hromad\u00ed na velk\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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HAITI. Copyright Martin Band\u017e\u00e1k\/MAGNA<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Op\u011btovn\u00e1 hydratace a pod\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik jsou nezbytn\u00e9 a mus\u00ed prob\u011bhnout prakticky okam\u017eit\u011b.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Rychl\u00e1 reakce je nezbytn\u00e1 k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed topeni\u0161t\u011b cholery. Rychl\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed aktivit na podporu zdrav\u00ed – vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed o tom, jak pomoci omezit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed – plus voda a hygienick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch center a o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v r\u00e1mci reakce na nouzov\u00e9 situace mohou pomoci omezit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed epidemie a sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed padnou. nemocn\u00fd nebo zem\u0159\u00edt.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Zat\u00edmco vakc\u00edna pod\u00e1van\u00e1 peror\u00e1ln\u011b se uk\u00e1zala v prevenci cholery b\u011bhem vypuknut\u00ed epidemie jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, sou\u010dasn\u00e9 strategie, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00ed dvou d\u00e1vek, jsou v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed logisticky jen velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e9. Z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed a v\u011bdeck\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f v\u00edme, \u017ee strategie jedn\u00e9 d\u00e1vky peror\u00e1ln\u00ed vakc\u00edny proti chole\u0159e je nejen bezpe\u010dn\u00e1, ale tak\u00e9 snadno realizovateln\u00e1 a m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v dob\u011b epidemie nebo jej sn\u00ed\u017eit.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Boj s cholerou je ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00fd. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u00ed jej\u00edmi m\u00edrn\u00fdmi a\u017e st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdmi formami, jsou schopni se za pomoci l\u00e9\u010dby tekutinami a peror\u00e1ln\u00edmi rehydrata\u010dn\u00edmi solemi rychle zotavit. Velmi dehydratovan\u00ed pacienti mohou vy\u017eadovat dod\u00e1n\u00ed intraven\u00f3zn\u00ed tekutiny a hospitalizaci. V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech by m\u011bli b\u00fdt p\u0159ijati do centra l\u00e9\u010dby cholery. Pokud se nemoc nel\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edra \u00famrtnosti, kterou zp\u016fsob\u00ed, dos\u00e1hnout 50%, s p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou l\u00e9ka\u0159skou p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed je to m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 2%.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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L\u00e9\u010d\u00edme d\u00edky V\u00e1m<\/h3>\n
Va\u0161e podpora hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli v na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci na z\u00e1chranu \u017eivot\u016f.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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V\u00edce o chole\u0159e v na\u0161ich projektech<\/h2>\n
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P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o na\u0161ich zdravotn\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n V\u0161echny zdravotn\u00ed aktivity<\/a>\n <\/div>\n
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