{"id":3160,"date":"2022-11-10T14:16:33","date_gmt":"2022-11-10T14:16:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/?p=3160"},"modified":"2022-12-02T21:33:15","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T21:33:15","slug":"cholera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/sk\/zdravotne-aktivity\/cholera\/","title":{"rendered":"Cholera"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bez lek\u00e1rskej pomoci prich\u00e1dza smr\u0165 do nieko\u013ek\u00fdch hod\u00edn od vypuknutia sympt\u00f3mov.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Cholera sa po\u010das kultiva\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia, ktor\u00e9 trv\u00e1 3-5 dn\u00ed, neprejavuje \u017eiadnymi pr\u00edznakmi. Po\u010das z\u00e1chvatu cholery m\u00f4\u017ee pacient bez lie\u010dby pr\u00eds\u0165 o viac ako 50 litrov tekut\u00edn. Nelie\u010den\u00e1 osoba zomrie na dehydrat\u00e1ciu. Smr\u0165 pri strate tekut\u00edn o 10 % – 15 % celkovej hmotnosti zvy\u010dajne nast\u00e1va behom nieko\u013ek\u00fdch hod\u00edn.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Cholera naj\u010dastej\u0161ie ohrozuje negramotn\u00fdch a chudobn\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed \u017eij\u00facich v okol\u00ed zne\u010disten\u00fdch v\u00f4d, ktor\u00ed vodu pred konzum\u00e1ciou neprevaruj\u00fa. Bez lek\u00e1rskej pomoci prich\u00e1dza smr\u0165 do nieko\u013ek\u00fdch hod\u00edn od vypuknutia sympt\u00f3mov.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Kde s\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie rizik\u00e1 v\u00fdskytu<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Ohnisk\u00e1 sa m\u00f4\u017eu r\u00fdchlo \u0161\u00edri\u017e najm\u00e4 v preplnen\u00fdch spolo\u010denstv\u00e1ch a v \u017eivotn\u00fdch podmienkach, kde je nedostato\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edstup k \u010distej vode, zberu odpadu a vlastn\u00fdm toalet\u00e1m. Z d\u00f4vodu vys\u00edd\u013eovania obyvate\u013estva, zni\u010denia infra\u0161trukt\u00fary alebo nedostato\u010dn\u00fdch verejn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, je cholera v\u00e1\u017enym rizikom po pr\u00edrodnej katastrofe alebo v dobe konfliktu. Situ\u00e1cia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 problematick\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed da\u017e\u010fov, ktor\u00e9 strh\u00e1vaj\u00fa nielen domy, ale i toalety, a kontaminovan\u00e1 voda sa hromad\u00ed na ve\u013ek\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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HAITI. Copyright Martin Band\u017e\u00e1k\/MAGNA<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Op\u00e4tovn\u00e1 hydrat\u00e1cia a podanie antibiot\u00edk s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 a musia prebehn\u00fa\u0165 prakticky okam\u017eite.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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R\u00fdchla reakcia je nevyhnutn\u00e1 na zabr\u00e1nenie \u0161\u00edrenia ohniska cholery. R\u00fdchle zavedenie aktiv\u00edt na podporu zdravia – vzdel\u00e1vanie \u013eud\u00ed o tom, ako pom\u00f4c\u0165 obmedzi\u0165 \u0161\u00edrenie – plus voda a hygienick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, zriadenie lie\u010debn\u00fdch centier a o\u010dkovanie v r\u00e1mci reakcie na n\u00fadzov\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 obmedzi\u0165 \u0161\u00edrenie epid\u00e9mie a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed padn\u00fa. chor\u00fd alebo zomrie\u0165.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Zatia\u013e \u010do vakc\u00edna pod\u00e1van\u00e1 peror\u00e1lne sa uk\u00e1zala v prevencii cholery po\u010das vypuknutia epid\u00e9mie ako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie, ktor\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00fa podanie dvoch d\u00e1vok, s\u00fa v pr\u00edpade mimoriadnych udalost\u00ed logisticky len ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017eko pou\u017eite\u013en\u00e9. Z predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich sk\u00fasenost\u00ed a vedeck\u00fdch d\u00f4kazov vieme, \u017ee strat\u00e9gia jednej d\u00e1vky peror\u00e1lnej vakc\u00edny proti cholere je nielen bezpe\u010dn\u00e1, ale taktie\u017e \u013eahko realizovate\u013en\u00e1 a m\u00f4\u017ee zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u0161\u00edreniu ochorenia v \u010dase epid\u00e9mie alebo ho zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Boj s cholerou je vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov pomerne jednoduch\u00fd. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed trpia jej miernymi a\u017e stredne \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdmi formami, s\u00fa schopn\u00ed sa za pomoci lie\u010dby tekutinami a peror\u00e1lnymi rehydrata\u010dnymi so\u013eami, r\u00fdchlo zotavi\u0165. Ve\u013emi dehydratovan\u00ed pacienti m\u00f4\u017eu vy\u017eadova\u0165 dodanie nitro\u017eilnej tekutiny a hospitaliz\u00e1ciu. V t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch by mali by\u0165 prijat\u00ed do centra lie\u010dby cholery. Pokia\u013e sa choroba nelie\u010di, m\u00f4\u017ee miera \u00famrtnosti, ktor\u00fa sp\u00f4sob\u00ed, dosiahn\u00fa\u0165 50%, s primeranou lek\u00e1rskou starostlivos\u0165ou je to menej ne\u017e 2%.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Lie\u010dime v\u010faka V\u00e1m<\/h3>\n
Va\u0161a podpora zohr\u00e1va v\u00fdznamn\u00fa \u00falohu v na\u0161ej pr\u00e1ci na z\u00e1chranu \u017eivotov.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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Viac o cholere v na\u0161ich projektoch<\/h2>\n
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Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si najnov\u0161ie \u010dl\u00e1nky o na\u0161ich zdravotn\u00fdch aktivit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

\n V\u0161etky zdravotn\u00e9 aktivity<\/a>\n <\/div>\n
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