{"id":8399,"date":"2019-03-01T17:46:05","date_gmt":"2019-03-01T17:46:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/deti-a-matky-ze-zeme-za-kopcem-kde-svetlo-znamena-smrt-2\/"},"modified":"2022-12-03T15:29:31","modified_gmt":"2022-12-03T15:29:31","slug":"deti-a-matky-ze-zeme-za-kopcem-kde-svetlo-znamena-smrt-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/sk\/uncategorized\/deti-a-matky-ze-zeme-za-kopcem-kde-svetlo-znamena-smrt-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Deti a matky z krajiny za kopcom, kde svetlo znamen\u00e1 smr\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd ute\u010denec zo S\u00fdrie v Libanone je die\u0165a. Pri spojen\u00ed \u201eka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd\u201c sa niektor\u00fdm z nich vybav\u00ed v pam\u00e4ti krut\u00e9 vra\u017edenie. V z\u00e1stupe na \u0161kolskom dvore pre\u017eil len ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd \u017eiak.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mal\u00e1 Nayla mala hlavu \u00faplne bez vlasov. Nehovorila, trpela insomniou, \u010di\u017ee poruchou sp\u00e1nku. Nevedela vyjadri\u0165, \u010do sa stalo, \u010do videla, ak\u00e9 hr\u00f4zy pre\u017eila. V\u0161etky pochovan\u00e9 hlboko v jej vn\u00fatri. Na kliniku MAGNA v meste Baalbek v Libanone ju priniesol pred dvoma rokmi jej otec. Dopo\u010dul sa, \u017ee na\u0161i psychol\u00f3govia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa de\u0165om, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa, kv\u00f4li brutalite s\u00fdrskej vojny, nepredstavite\u013en\u00e9 psychick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Lek\u00e1ri u\u017e odborne nehovoria o post-traumatickej stresovej poruche. Intenzita n\u00e1silnost\u00ed a hr\u00f4z, ktor\u00e9 za\u017eili deti ale aj dospel\u00ed v s\u00fdrskej ob\u010dianskej vojne, \u010di po\u010das nadvl\u00e1dy Islamsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu alebo po nej, je tak\u00e1, \u017ee z odborn\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska u\u017e lek\u00e1ri hovoria o rozklade osobnosti.<\/p>\n

Po k\u00faskoch psychol\u00f3govia skladali obraz o tom, \u010do ovplyvnilo pre\u017e\u00edvanie dnes u\u017e 6-ro\u010dnej Nayly tak, \u017ee rok nemohla spa\u0165, chodila len po \u0161pi\u010dk\u00e1ch a neop\u00fa\u0161\u0165ala bezpe\u010die svojho domova, teda jeho ru\u00edn, ke\u010f\u017ee jej rodina poch\u00e1dza z Rakky, kde \u017eili v \u010dase najbrut\u00e1lnej\u0161ej nadvl\u00e1dy Islamsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu. Jej otec postupne pomohol odkry\u0165 hr\u00f4zy. Zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a utekali po\u010das noc\u00ed v tme, cez de\u0148 sa sna\u017eili oddychova\u0165, po pre\u017eit\u00fdch hr\u00f4zach sp\u00e1nok neprich\u00e1dzal. Opisoval, ako pri \u00fateku z mesta, videli tel\u00e1 obet\u00ed, ale aj to, \u017ee raz sa Nayla vy\u0161mykla z ak\u00e9ho tak\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dia domova a i\u0161la h\u013eada\u0165 svojich kamar\u00e1tov, lebo sa chcela hra\u0165. To, \u010do videla ale \u0165a\u017eko spracuje aj mozog dospel\u00fdch. Bojovn\u00edci Dae\u0161 \u2013 Islamsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu hrali na ulici futbal. S hlavami jej kamar\u00e1tov, za ktor\u00fdmi sa i\u0161la hra\u0165. Mala som \u010do robi\u0165 aj ja, len pri tom, ako som to z \u00fast jej zdevastovan\u00e9ho otca po\u010d\u00favala. \u010co vidia deti S\u00fdrie ke\u010f zavr\u00fa o\u010di? \u010co c\u00edtia, ke\u010f si spomen\u00fa na \u017eivot predt\u00fdm ne\u017e za\u010dali mizn\u00fa\u0165 susedia, kamar\u00e1ti, domy, lieky, jedlo z reg\u00e1lov obchodov a padali bomby z neba?<\/p>\n

V Libanone \u017eije najviac ute\u010dencov na po\u010det obyvate\u013eov na svete.<\/strong> Ofici\u00e1lne je zaregistrovan\u00fdch 950.000 s\u00fdrskych ute\u010dencov, neofici\u00e1lne ich je viac ako 1,5 mili\u00f3na. Vl\u00e1da odmietla vytvorenie ute\u010deneck\u00fdch t\u00e1borov, preto \u017eij\u00fa v opusten\u00fdch domoch, v opusten\u00fdch hospod\u00e1rskych budov\u00e1ch a v neform\u00e1lnych usadlostiach, ktor\u00e9 tvoria stany a svojpomocne vybudovan\u00e9 pr\u00edstre\u0161ky. Najviac ich takto \u017eije pr\u00e1ve v oblasti Baalbek-Hermel, kde p\u00f4sob\u00ed aj MAGNA. Pred p\u00e1r t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ami napadlo vo ve\u013ekej \u010dasti krajiny od pol metra a\u017e do dvoch metrov snehu. Priniesli ho smr\u0161te zo Stredozemn\u00e9ho mora. Stany ute\u010dencov sa preh\u00fdbali pod \u0165archou bielej pokr\u00fdvky, desiatky tis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch, ohrozovali povodne z pr\u00edvalov\u00fdch da\u017e\u010fov. Sneh a d\u00e1\u017e\u010f obmedzil do\u010dasne aj pohyb na\u0161ich mobiln\u00fdch t\u00edmov. T\u00edmy lek\u00e1rov v r\u00e1mci mobilnej kliniky MAGNA s \u0148ou ka\u017edodenne vyr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa zo statickej kliniky v meste Baalbek na n\u00e1v\u0161tevy od\u013eahl\u00fdch usadlost\u00ed, kde poskytuj\u00fa lek\u00e1rsku pomoc s\u00fdrskym ute\u010dencom ale aj miestnym obyvate\u013eom v n\u00fadzi. Zdravotn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 tu toti\u017e nie je samozrejmos\u0165 a v ofici\u00e1lnych zariadeniach je drah\u00e1. Tie\u017e predstavuje hlavn\u00fd d\u00f4vod zad\u013a\u017eenia s\u00fdrskych ute\u010dencov.<\/p>\n

Zl\u00e9 po\u010dasie, nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 vykurovanie stanov a pr\u00edstre\u0161kov v t\u00e1boroch-net\u00e1boroch. Oble\u010denie, ktor\u00e9 sotva odol\u00e1 zimn\u00e9mu obdobiu. Na noh\u00e1ch gum\u00e1ky, tak sa deti be\u017ene brodia zmesou \u017elt\u00e9ho bahna a bieleho snehu. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich pre\u017eili cel\u00fd svoj \u017eivot na \u00fateku. Teda v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu z neho v proviz\u00f3rnych stanoch a \u0161iatroch v Libanone. To je v\u0161etko, \u010do poznaj\u00fa. Mnoh\u00ed s\u00fa mlad\u0161\u00ed ako vojna v S\u00fdrii, ktor\u00e1 za\u010dala v roku 2011 a pod\u013ea odhadov u\u017e st\u00e1la \u017eivoty asi pol mili\u00f3na \u013eud\u00ed.
\n
\n\u010co je pre nich S\u00fdria? Nevedia odpoveda\u0165 na t\u00fato ot\u00e1zku.
\n<\/strong>T\u00ed najmlad\u0161\u00ed vedia len, \u017ee doslova za kopcom je krajina, v ktorej \u017eili ich predkovia. \u201eTam kde svetlo znamen\u00e1 smr\u0165,\u201c hovor\u00ed jedno zo star\u0161\u00edch diev\u010dat. Pre\u010do? Bombardovanie a ostre\u013eovanie, toti\u017e na no\u010dnej oblohe svietia. Snaha unikn\u00fa\u0165 pred t\u00fdmto svetlom, ktor\u00e9 zab\u00edja. To je v\u0161etko, \u010do si zo svojej rodnej krajiny a zo svojho detstva v nej pam\u00e4taj\u00fa. Aj dnes maj\u00fa v o\u010diach stres, n\u00e1valy \u00fazkosti, trpia nespavos\u0165ou a psychick\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami.<\/p>\n

No s\u00fa medzi nimi aj deti, ktor\u00e9 si bohu\u017eia\u013e pam\u00e4taj\u00fa viac. Sta\u010dia len dve slov\u00e1: \u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd.\u201c Ke\u010f ich vojaci prin\u00fatili postavi\u0165 sa do z\u00e1stupu na \u0161kolskom dvore, ka\u017ed\u00e9ho druh\u00e9ho zabili. \u010co c\u00edtili? \u010co pre\u017e\u00edvali vo svojich detsk\u00fdch du\u0161iach, ke\u010f sa prizerali smrti najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch priate\u013eov, bratov, bratancov, \u010di zn\u00e1mych? Hlbok\u00e9 rany v du\u0161i, \u017eivot na \u00fateku, chudoba, choroby, nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 zdravotn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165, ka\u017edodenn\u00e1 realita ich \u017eivota po tom, ako si zachr\u00e1nili \u017eivot.
\n
\nDeti zo S\u00fdrie \u010dasto nevedia slovami vyjadri\u0165 \u010do pre\u017eili.<\/strong> Kreslia si, nie len tak pre z\u00e1bavu, ale s pomocou psychol\u00f3gov MAGNA tak vyjadruj\u00fa svoje pocity, kreslen\u00edm rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa svoje traumy a sna\u017eia sa spracova\u0165, pre n\u00e1s nepredstavite\u013en\u00e9, hr\u00f4zy vojny. Na v\u00fdkresoch s\u00fa tanky, lietadl\u00e1, vybuchuj\u00face bomby, tel\u00e1 obet\u00ed. A o\u010di. Otvoren\u00e9 o\u010di na tv\u00e1rach svojich kamar\u00e1tov poliatych krvou.<\/p>\n

Aj mal\u00e1 Nayla kreslila ruiny domov, hlavy, hlavy svojich kamar\u00e1tov, ktor\u00fdch zavra\u017edili zbyto\u010dne a nezmyselne. Aj jej tv\u00e1re maj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 otvoren\u00e9 o\u010di. Pod doh\u013eadom na\u0161ich psychol\u00f3gov tak potvrdzovala slov\u00e1 svojho otca. Po \u0161pi\u010dk\u00e1ch chodila preto, lebo sa b\u00e1la, \u017ee stup\u00ed na hlavu, \u010di telo. Postupne uvo\u013e\u0148uje traumatizuj\u00face z\u00e1\u017eitky zo svojho vn\u00fatra, v\u010faka terapii sa zlep\u0161ila v \u0161kole. Do ktorej najprv ani zo strachu nechcela chodi\u0165. Nechcela ma\u0165 kamar\u00e1tov, nechcela sa k nikomu pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 a znova o neho pr\u00eds\u0165. Bola uzavret\u00e1, nevedela si zapam\u00e4ta\u0165 ani z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 u\u010divo.<\/p>\n

Vniektor\u00fdch neform\u00e1lnych ute\u010deneck\u00fdch usadlostiach sa n\u00e1m podarilo v spolupr\u00e1ci s komunitami ich obyvate\u013eov postavi\u0165 o\u0161etrovne, ktor\u00e9 sl\u00fa\u017eia aj ako spolo\u010densk\u00e9 miesto pre komunitu. V presne ur\u010denom dni v t\u00fd\u017edni v nich ordinuj\u00fa MAGNA lek\u00e1ri a psychol\u00f3govia. Maj\u00fa priestor na vy\u0161etrenie a o\u0161etrenie, ale aj na psychologick\u00fa pomoc. Za de\u0148 k n\u00e1m pr\u00edde h\u013eada\u0165 pomoc aj 200 \u013eud\u00ed. Hor\u00fa\u010dky, ka\u0161e\u013e, hna\u010dky, z\u00e1paly p\u013e\u00fac, ochorenia obli\u010diek \u010di nelie\u010den\u00e9 zranenia, s t\u00fdm v\u0161etk\u00fdm sa musia moji kolegovia vysporiada\u0165. Ke\u010f sa ned\u00e1vno robil ve\u013ek\u00fd prieskum zranite\u013enosti s\u00fdrskych ute\u010dencov v Libanone uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee a\u017e 41 percent det\u00ed do 2 rokov bolo kr\u00e1tko pred n\u00edm chor\u00e9 (v roku 2017 to bolo len 34%).<\/p>\n

Na zemi ne\u010faleko jednej z na\u0161ich do\u010dasn\u00fdch o\u0161etrovn\u00ed v neform\u00e1lnej ute\u010deneckej usadlosti Chaat v Libanone, kam lek\u00e1rsky t\u00edm MAGNA pri\u0161iel pod\u013ea harmonogramu, sedia tri \u017eeny. Spolu s nimi na\u0161a psychologi\u010dka Rayan. Hovor\u00ed s nimi, presvied\u010da, no \u017eeny maj\u00fa strach vojs\u0165 do o\u0161etrovne. St\u00e1le sa dr\u017eia spolu, dve mlad\u0161ie jedna star\u0161ia. Nerozde\u013euj\u00fa sa. Takto pre\u017eili hr\u00f4zy v S\u00fdrii napriek tomu, \u017ee si mnohokr\u00e1t mysleli, \u017ee pri\u0161iel ich posledn\u00fd moment. Dr\u017eia sa pocitu, \u017ee spolu sa udr\u017eia pri \u017eivote aj tu v Libanone. Rayan sa ich napokon podar\u00ed presved\u010di\u0165, aby aspo\u0148 spolo\u010dne vo\u0161li do o\u0161etrovne. Tak ako tis\u00edcky in\u00fdch \u017eien, ktor\u00fdm sa podarilo dosta\u0165 do Libanonu, pri\u0161li vo vojne o rodinu, boli t\u00fdran\u00e9 a zn\u00e1sil\u0148ovan\u00e9. Osamel\u00e9 \u017eeny na \u00fateku to v\u0161ak nemaj\u00fa o ni\u010d \u013eah\u0161ie ani dnes.<\/p>\n

Pre\u017ei\u0165 v Libanone je pre s\u00fdrskych ute\u010dencov n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/strong> Tri \u0161tvrtiny z nich \u017eij\u00fa pod hranicou chudoby. Nemaj\u00fa si z \u010doho zaplati\u0165 lek\u00e1rsku starostlivos\u0165, stravu, \u010di n\u00e1jom p\u00f4dy, na ktorej maj\u00fa postaven\u00e9 svoje do\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00fato\u010disko. Nehovoriac o tom, \u017ee ak ich majite\u013e pozemku vyk\u00e1\u017ee, musia sa zbali\u0165 a od\u00eds\u0165 inam, kde op\u00e4\u0165 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa odznova. K poldruhamili\u00f3nu s\u00fdrskych ute\u010dencov treba e\u0161te prir\u00e1ta\u0165 viac ako 250.000 palest\u00ednskych ute\u010dencov, ktor\u00ed v krajine \u017eij\u00fa u\u017e roky.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ce v Libanone nie je dos\u0165, su\u017euj\u00fa ho ekonomick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. M\u00e1 tret\u00ed najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed dlh zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn sveta a ekonomick\u00e9 reformy s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9. Bez pe\u0148az\u00ed zo zahrani\u010dia by krajina, ktor\u00fa naplno zasiahla S\u00fdrska kr\u00edza, nefungovala. \u0160tvrtina jej \u0161es\u0165 mili\u00f3novej popul\u00e1cie, \u017eije tie\u017e pod hranicou chudoby. Stabilite neprid\u00e1vaj\u00fa ani politick\u00e9 turbulencie. Po minuloro\u010dn\u00fdch vo\u013eb\u00e1ch trvalo zostavovanie novej vl\u00e1dy viac ako sedem mesiacov. S\u00fa v nej zast\u00fapen\u00e9 v\u0161etky politick\u00e9 smery, \u010di n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 skupiny, vr\u00e1tane hnutia Hizball\u00e1h, ktor\u00e9 v S\u00fdrii bojuje na strane Ba\u0161ara Assada, a ktor\u00e9 je dlh\u00e9 roky pre z\u00e1pad teroristickou organiz\u00e1ciou a jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch nepriate\u013eov susedn\u00e9ho Izraela. Svoje z\u00e1ujmy sa tu sna\u017eia presadi\u0165 aj najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed svetov\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di. Rusko, USA, \u010di Saudsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bia dlhodobo s\u00faperia o vplyv v Libanone.
\n
\nNayle za\u010dali r\u00e1s\u0165 vlasy.<\/strong> Odhodlala sa dokonca zlo\u017ei\u0165 si v \u0161kole klob\u00fak, ktor\u00fdm si v\u0161ade zakr\u00fdvala hol\u00fa hlavu. Aj v\u010faka spolupr\u00e1ci jej rodi\u010dov, si zlep\u0161ila zn\u00e1mky, za\u010dala sa prejavova\u0165, jej celkov\u00fd stav sa zlep\u0161oval. No rovnov\u00e1ha vojnou pozna\u010denej detskej du\u0161e je krehk\u00e1. V decembri ju vystra\u0161ili zvuky oz\u00fdvaj\u00face sa z k\u00farenia a znova pri\u0161la o vlasy a uzavrela sa. Pravideln\u00e1 psychologick\u00e1 terapia jej znova pom\u00e1ha. No aj jej pr\u00edklad ukazuje, \u017ee psychosoci\u00e1lna podpora detsk\u00fdch aj dospel\u00fdch obet\u00ed vojny, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa nezmazate\u013en\u00e9 \u0161r\u00e1my, nielen navonok, ale aj vo svojom vn\u00fatri, nie je pr\u00e1ca na nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed, \u010di mesiacov. \u010casto trv\u00e1 a bude trva\u0165 aj roky, k\u00fdm bude ma\u0165 aspo\u0148 ak\u00e9 tak\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky a umo\u017en\u00ed \u013eu\u010fom, ktor\u00fdm sa podarilo v hr\u00f4zach s\u00fdrskej vojny zachr\u00e1ni\u0165 si aspo\u0148 hol\u00fd \u017eivot, zapoji\u0165 sa do \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

S\u00fa to \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed pre\u017eili. Maj\u00fa tv\u00e1r a meno. Ostal im len hol\u00fd \u017eivot a zranen\u00e1 du\u0161a. O ostatn\u00e9 pri\u0161li.  \u013dudia ako my. \u010eakujeme, \u017ee n\u00e1m pom\u00e1hate pom\u00e1ha\u0165.<\/p>\n

LIE\u010cIME V\u010eAKA V\u00c1M<\/strong><\/p>\n

Autor:<\/strong> Denisa August\u00ednov\u00e1, opera\u010dn\u00e1 riadite\u013eka MAGNA<\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> \u010cl\u00e1nok bol uverejnen\u00fd aj ako blog na str\u00e1nkach denn\u00edka SME. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd ute\u010denec zo S\u00fdrie v Libanone je die\u0165a. Pri spojen\u00ed \u201eka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd\u201c sa niektor\u00fdm z nich vybav\u00ed v pam\u00e4ti krut\u00e9 vra\u017edenie. V z\u00e1stupe na \u0161kolskom dvore pre\u017eil len ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd \u017eiak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8401,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"post_country":[],"post_year":[],"post_layout":[],"post_topic":[],"class_list":["post-8399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDeti a matky z krajiny za kopcom, kde svetlo znamen\u00e1 smr\u0165 - Magna<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.magna.org\/fr\/sk\/uncategorized\/deti-a-matky-ze-zeme-za-kopcem-kde-svetlo-znamena-smrt-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Deti a matky z krajiny za kopcom, kde svetlo znamen\u00e1 smr\u0165 - Magna\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd ute\u010denec zo S\u00fdrie v Libanone je die\u0165a. 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